[EBOOK] Toxicological Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stanley E. Manahan, LEWIS PUBLISHERS

The first edition of Toxicological Chemistry (1989) was written to bridge the gap between toxicology and chemistry. It defined toxicological chemistry as the science that deals with the chemical nature and reactions of toxic substances, their origins and uses, and the chemical aspects of their exposure, transformation, and elimination by biological systems. It emphasized the chemical formulas, structures, and reactions of toxic substances. The second edition of Toxicological Chemistry (1992) was significantly enlarged and increased in scope compared to the first edition. In addition to toxicological chemistry, it addressed the topic of environmental biochemistry, which pertains to the effects of environmental chemical substances on living systems and the influence of life-forms on such chemicals. It did so within a framework of environmental chemistry, defined as that branch of chemistry that deals with the origins, transport, reactions, effects, and fates of chemical species in the water, the air, and terrestrial and living environments.

The third edition has been thoroughly updated and expanded into areas important to toxicological chemistry based upon recent advances in several significant fields. In recognition of the increased emphasis on the genetic aspects of toxicology, the toxic effects to various body systems, and xenobiotics analysis, the title has been changed to Toxicological Chemistry and Biochemistry. The new edition has been designed to be useful to a wide spectrum of readers with various interests and a broad range of backgrounds in chemistry, biochemistry, and toxicology. For readers who have had very little exposure to chemistry. Chapter 1, “Chemistry and Organic Chemistry." outlines the basic concepts of general chemistry and organic chemistry needed to understand the rest of the material in the book. The er chapter. "Environmental Chemistry,” is an overview of that topic, presented so that the reader may understand the remainder of the book within a framework of environmental chemistry. Chapter 3. “Biochemistry,” gives the fundamentals of the chemistry of life processes essential to understanding toxicological chemistry and biochemistry. Chapter 4, “Metabolic Processes.” covers the basic principles of metabolism needed to understand how toxicants interact with organisms. Chapter 5, “Environmental Biological Processes and Ecotoxicology,” is a condensed and updated version of three chapters from the second edition dealing with microbial processes, biodegradation and bioaccumulation, and biochemical processes that occur in aquatic and soil environments; the major aspects of ccotoxicology are also included. Chapter 6, ‘Toxicology,” defines and explains toxicology as the science of poisons. Chapter 7, “Toxicological Chemistry,” bridges the gap between toxicology and chemistry, emphasizing chemical aspects of toxicological phenomena, including fates and effects of xenobiotic chemicals in living systems. Chapter 8, “Genetic Aspects of Toxicology,” is new; it recognizes the importance of considering the crucial role of nucleic acids, the basic genetic material of life, in toxicological chemistry. It provides the foundation for understanding the important ways in which chemical damage to DNA can cause mutations, cancer, and other toxic effects. It also considers the role of genetics in determining genetic susceptibilities to various toxicants. Also new is Chapter 9, ‘Toxic Responses," which considers toxicities to various systems in the body, such as the endocrine and reproductive systems. It is important for understanding the specific toxic effects of various toxicants on certain body organs, as discussed in later chapters. Chapters 10 to 18 discuss toxicological chemistry within an organizational structure based on classes of chemical substances, and Chapter 19 deals with toxicants from natural sources. Another new addition is Chapter 20. “Analysis of Xenobiotics." which deals with the determination of toxicants and their metabolites in blood and other biological materials.

Every effort has been made to retain the basic information and structure that have made the first two editions of this book popular among and useful to students, faculty, regulator)' agency personnel, people working with industrial hygiene aspects, and any others who need to understand toxic effects of chemicals from a chemical perspective. The chapters that have been added are designed to enhance the usefulness of the book and to modernize it in important areas such as genetics and xenobiotics analysis.

This book is designed to be both a textbook and a general reference book. Questions at the end of each chapter are written to summarize and review the material in the chapter. References are given for specific points covered in the book, and supplementary references are cited at the end of each chapter for additional reading about the topics covered.

The assistance of David Packer, Publisher, CRC Press, in developing the third edition of Toxicological Chemistry and Biochemistry is gratefully acknowledged. The author would also like to acknowledge the excellent work of Judith Simon. Project Editor, and the staff of CRC Press in the production of this book.

[EBOOK] Toxicological Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stanley E. Manahan, LEWIS PUBLISHERS

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